SYSTEM (Heuristic)
Charles François (2004). SYSTEM (Heuristic), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics, 2(2): 3364.
| Collection | International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics |
|---|---|
| Year | 2004 |
| Vol. (num.) | 2(2) |
| ID | ◀ 3364 ▶ |
| Object type | General information, Human sciences, Methodology or model |
A system that can formulate its own goals and objectives (Adapted from B. BANATHY, 1988, p.29).
Only human systems are heuristic.
BANATHY describes them as “… complex and systemic in their functional and structural arrangements and… open to, and coevolving with their environments.
- “Overall policy is set for heuristic systems; and within their policy framework goals, objectives, ways and means, and methods of operation are self-selected.
- “Significant relational changes and some structural changes may occur through time. State changes are evolutionary and are directed by design. Emergence, ambiguity and uncertainty surround state changes.
- “Methods in general are built upon cybernetics and general systems theory, and systems based organizational theories. Applicable methods include living systems process analysis, systems design, soft-systems methods of analysis and management, double-loop organizational learning and consensus building” (Ibid).
Furthermore, heuristic systems :“… have to learn to cope with the explosive increase of relevant knowledge, environmental complexity and turbulence. Furthermore, the changes faced… increase as to their intensity, variety and dimensionality” (Ibid, p.31).