PROGRAMMING (Dominant)
| Collection | International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics |
|---|---|
| Year | 2004 |
| Vol. (num.) | 2(2) |
| ID | ◀ 2675 ▶ |
| Object type | Methodology or model |
The top-down construction of a program in artificial intelligence research.
C. EMMECHE explains: “The total behavior is programmed a priori by dividing it into strictly defined subsequences of behavior , which are in turn divided in subroutines , smaller subsubroutines , etc., all the way down to the program 's own machine code ”. (1994, p.19)
It could be argued that the top-down method has engaged classical artificial intelligence into a dead-end, because it precludes any possibility of non-programmed adaptability , creativity or emergent behavior .
EMMECHE implicitly makes the point, adding: “The bottom-up method in artificial life imitates or simulates processes in nature that organize themselves” (Ibid).
This means that artificial life cannot be simulated or created by dominant programming.