MANAGEMENT (Hierarchic vs. heterarchic)
Charles François (2004). MANAGEMENT (Hierarchic vs. heterarchic), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics, 2(1): 1991.
| Collection | International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics |
|---|---|
| Year | 2004 |
| Vol. (num.) | 2(1) |
| ID | ◀ 1991 ▶ |
| Object type | Human sciences |
G. DYER proposes the following differences between these two types of management:
DYER, whose choice is heterarchic management, writes: “Devolution, decentralization and delegation of responsability and power has become essential. Matrix — rather than bureaucratic - structures are now seen as much more desirable. Control is much more open-loop with semi-autonomous and self-managing teams common-place. The role of the manager or leader is now to develop an inspiring vision, to manage by example rather than to exercise control” (1992, p.1192).